The lecture goes through the fundamentals of population and sampling techniques used in research studies, with a focus on language education. It clarifies the meaning of the terms population and sample and the benefits and drawbacks of probability-based and non-probability-based sampling techniques. In order to assure the representativeness and generalizability of the study results, the…

Language exams and assessments are discussed in Chapter 6 of a book on language acquisition and teaching. The many kinds of language exams, their objectives, and the abilities they evaluate are covered in this chapter. Standardized language tests and teacher-created language exams make up the chapter’s two primary components. Tests that have been created and…

Surveys and questionnaires, interviews, observations, experiments, corpus analysis, language exams and assessments, and recording and transcription are just a few of the research techniques covered in Chapter 5 that are often employed in language education research. Each of these research techniques may be used to examine various aspects of language learning and instruction, and each…

This book’s Chapter 4 specializes on quantitative research strategies. The goal of quantitative research is to measure and analyze numerical data in order to understand, forecast, or regulate occurrences. The primary categories of quantitative research designs—experimental, quasi-experimental, correlational, survey, longitudinal, and cross-sectional—will be covered in this chapter. We will go through the features, benefits, and…

The significance of the literature review in academic study is emphasized in the book’s third chapter. The importance of literature reviews in educational research is discussed in this chapter. Literature reviews help researchers fill in knowledge gaps, develop research questions and hypotheses, expand on the results of prior studies, and pinpoint areas where further study…

The research topic, a crucial element of any research endeavor, is the subject of the book’s second chapter. The chapter covers how researchers could choose a broad area of interest, develop a research question, specify the study’s parameters, and hone the research issue. The chapter gives recommendations for establishing both and highlights the need of…

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