The lecture goes through the fundamentals of population and sampling techniques used in research studies, with a focus on language education. It clarifies the meaning of the terms population and sample and the benefits and drawbacks of probability-based and non-probability-based sampling techniques. In order to assure the representativeness and generalizability of the study results, the…

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This book’s Chapter 4 specializes on quantitative research strategies. The goal of quantitative research is to measure and analyze numerical data in order to understand, forecast, or regulate occurrences. The primary categories of quantitative research designs—experimental, quasi-experimental, correlational, survey, longitudinal, and cross-sectional—will be covered in this chapter. We will go through the features, benefits, and…

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